This was the library of the Pia Casa dei Neofiti/College of the Neophytes, which was added to the Vatican holdings in 1891. The college had been founded in 1543 by Pope Paul III for the education of Muslims and Jews, primarily, who had converted. For this reason it contains many Hebrew manuscripts, including the unique Targum Neofiti 1, often simply called the Neofiti Codex. There are 46 manuscripts of the 50 in the collection, spread across 55 signatures

Sources

Biblioteca apostolica vaticana. (2011). Guida ai fondi manoscritti, numismatici, a stampa della Biblioteca vaticana. Biblioteca apostolica vaticana. pp. 444-446